Military Variations
Many new designers of the national flags don't take into consideration the other flags that are derived from it.
The Southern Cross Flag is designed in such a way, so that States and their Agencies, Departments and Military flags and ensigns are easily added.
Firstly, though, it is my belief that there should be just one single flag for all Australians, including the ADF. and that would be the Australian Flag, the one used by the Australian Army.
It seems to be a British convention to have a different flag for each branch of the military and merchant marine. It might have made sense in 1the 1700's when merchant ships and and naval vessels looked similar, but in the 21st century a naval frigate and a container vessel are quite different ships.
As far as I can tell the United States flies one flag for all the branches of its military; US Army, US Navy, US Marine Corps, US Air Force and US Space Force.
This doesn't mean that they don't have their own flags, it means that on their bases, ships, tanks, aircraft, they fly just one flag - The Stars and Stripes. Surely if one flag is good enough for Americans and the American armed forces, maybe the Australian Flag should be good enough for all Australians -- including our military.
Nevertheless...
We have the British traditions that the Australian military have already adopted as seen below.
Australian Army
The Australian Army was founded on March 1st, 1901. In 1908, the Australian Army replaced the Union Jack with the Australian flag and served under both the blue and red flags. The 1953 legislation allowed the blue flag widespread use (not just government) . The Australian Army now flies an unmodified blue Australian flag.
RAAF
The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) commenced on March 31st, 1921. It shared the RAF ensign until 1948. In 1982 the red disk was replaced by a red kangaroo in motion.
Civil Ensign
The red ensign was for the public and armed forces. It was the most common flag flown until 1953 when the Blue Ensign was made primary flag. It has been suggested that at the time the red ensign carried too many communist overtones. It is now flown mostly by Australian registered ships and boats.
Royal Australian Navy
The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) commenced on October 5th, 1911. After its formation, the RAN flew the British white ensign. It was not until March 1st 1967, that the RAN received its own Australian White Ensign.
Is it Time for a New Tradition?
As mention previously, the idea of using separate flags for the different divisions of the ADF and the Merchant or Civil Marine should no longer continue.
Therefore I would propose a new tradition, and that is flying just one single flag. An unmodified Australian Flag. However, traditions die hard.
Should the need arise where the ADF and Civil require a way to distinguish themselves, the emblems of each service would be used.
The Australian Army has the emblem of the Rising Sun. The RAN, the Fouled Anchor (& with square knot not shown here). The RAAF has the Kangaroo in Motion. The Merchant or Civil Marine would have a ship's wheel.
The fractions relate to the height of the flag.
- For most of these flags, the relevant emblem is positioned on a contrasting disc for to allow the emblem to stand out.
- The disc is 5/24 diameter.
- The disc centre is horizontally positioned midway along the Gold border on the fly.
- The disc is positioned vertically 1/12 from the gold border and 1/12 from the bottom edge.
- The Army has a slightly different configuration and slightly different vertical positioning.
- It has a gold semi circular emblem that does not require a a contrasting disc.
- The emblem (without the contrasting disc) is 1/4 wide and 1/8 high.
- It is positioned the same horizontally, but differs vertically as it is smaller vertically.
- Vertically, it is positioned 1/8 from the Gold Border and 1/8 from the bottom edge.
Again, these are just suggestions should the various branches of the military *insist* they need their own flag.
Why do we not have a single flag for Australians civilians; whether on land or water, and for the merchant marine, and the ADF?
Army
RAAF
RAN
Merchant Marine
Important: This emblems used on these flags are NOT the official ADF emblems. The emblems have been sourced from the public domain to be used as a close approximation to the design. No offence is intended to the Australian Defence Forces by this.
Why a ship's wheel? When searching for an emblem for the Australian merchant marine, I came across an old badge being sold on ebay and was listed as Australia Merchant Marine Badge (also archived here) and with the British Red Ensign. It can also be used by sail or power craft.
Two More
ADF Deployment Patch
The Deployment Patch is a shoulder patch that may be issued in certain circumstances when Australian military personal are deployed overseas and where bright colours might be too conspicuous.
Australian Space Command
In March, 2022, the Australian Minister for Defence, Peter Dutton announced a new ADF Division, optimistically called Defence Space Command. Here is a possible emblem: An Arrow over an Eclipse.
Roundels
While it generally are the air forces that employ roundels here are few for all the ADF, and a Star
Kangaroo Roundel
Anchor Roundel
Star Roundel
Sunrise Roundel
Arrow Roundel
Wide Star Roundel
Wide Roo Roundel
Important: This emblems used on these flags are NOT the official ADF emblems. The emblems have been sourced from the public domain to be used as a close approximation to the design. No offence is intended to the Australian Defence Forces by this.